What is "cells divide?

Cells divide through a process called the Cell Cycle. This cycle ensures accurate duplication and segregation of genetic material.

• Purpose: Cell division is crucial for growth, repair, and reproduction.
• Types: There are two main types of cell division:
  • Mitosis: Produces two identical daughter cells. This is for growth and repair in somatic (body) cells.
  • Meiosis: Produces four genetically different daughter cells (gametes – sperm and egg). This is for sexual reproduction.
• Mitosis Phases: Mitosis involves several phases:
  • Prophase: Chromosomes condense.
  • Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate.
  • Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate.
  • Telophase: Nuclear envelope reforms.
  • Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate cells.
• Meiosis Phases: Meiosis involves two rounds of division (Meiosis I and Meiosis II), each with phases similar to Mitosis.
• Regulation: Cell division is tightly regulated by various internal and external signals to prevent uncontrolled growth, which can lead to cancer.
• Errors: Errors in cell division can lead to genetic mutations, contributing to developmental problems or diseases.